Dr. Livingstone. The following appeared in the N,ew York He;ravd of yesterday (July 26), and by the courtesy of the proprietor of that journal we are enabled to pub- lish it tot-dy :_ " Ujlii.on.Tanganyika, Nov. 1871. "My dear Sir,-It is, in general, somewhat difficult to write to one we have never seen. It feels so much like addressing an abstract idea; but the presenoe of your representative, Mlr. H. ]r. Stanley, in tbia distant region takes away the strangeness I should otherwise have felt, and in writing to thank you for the extrerne kindness that prompted yon to send bim I feel quite at home. " If I explain the forlorn condition in which be found me, you will easily perceive that I have good reason to use very strong expressions of gratitude. I came to UJiji off a tramp of between 400 and 500 miles beneath a blaz- ing vertical sun, having been baffed, worried, de- feated, and forced to return wber. almost in sight of the end of the geographical part of my miasion, by a number of half-casto Moslerm slaves, sent to me from Zanzibar, instead of rnen. The sore heart made still sorer by the truly woful sights I bad seen of ' man's ihbumnanity to man' reacted on the bodily frame. and depressed it beyond measure. I 'tbought that I was dyiog on my feet. It is not too much to say that almast every step of the weary sultry way I was io pain, and I reached ljiji a mere rackle of bones, Here I found tbat domne d0Jl. worth of goods I had ordered from Zanzibar had unaccountably been iutrusted to a drunken half-caste Mlosletn tailor, who, after squandering them for 16 months in the way to Ujiji, finished up 'by selling off all that remained for slaves and ivory for himself. He had divined on the Koran, and found that I was dead. HE had also Written to the Governor of Uuyauyembe that he had seut slaves after me to 5lanyema, wlho returndc. and reported my de2ease, and begged permnission to sell off the few goods that his drunkenappetitehad spared. He, howerer, knew perfectly well from men who had seen me that I was alive aud waiting for thne goods and men ; but as for morality, he is evidently an idiot ; and, there being no law here except that of the dagger or munket, ! had to sit dowu in great weakness, destitute of everything save a few barter cloths and beads I had taken the precaution to leave here in case of extreme need. The near prospect of beggary among Ujijians made me miserable, I could not desparrs because I laughed so muoh at a friend who, on reach- ing the mouth of the Zambezi, said 'that be was teempted to despair on breaking the photograph of his wife; we could have no success after that.' After that the idea of despair has to me such a strong smack of the ludicrous, it is out of the question. " Well, when I had got to about the lowest verge, vague rumours of an Englishl visitor reached me. I thought of myself as the nian who went down from Jerusalem to Jericho; but neither priest-, Levite, nor Samaritan could possibly pass my way. Yet the gool Sana, ritan was close at haud, and one of iny people rusbed up at the top of bis s peed, and in girat exciteienat grasped ont, 'An Englisbuan comiug! 1 zee him,' an.1 off he dar,ed to meet bin. An A.meric-an tlag, the tirst ever seenin these parts, at the bead of a. caravan, to!d me the nationjality of the stranger. I ama as cold and nton-lemonstrative as we islanders are usually reputed to be, but your kindness made my frame thrilL It was indeed overvheiming, and I said in my soul, 'Let the ricbest blessingr descend from the Highest on you and yours.' The newvs Mr. Stanley had to tell me was thrilling; the umighty political changes on the Contineut, the suc4ess of the Atlantic cables, the election of General Grant, and many topics rivetted my attention for days together, and had an imnmediate and benoficial effect on my health. I had been *vitbout news from home for years, save whfat I could glean from a few Saturday Pxveiets and copies of PutAck. for 1S6. The appetite revived, and in a week I began to feel strong agatin. Mr. Stanley brought a most kinrd and encouraging despatch frocn Lord Clarendon, whose loss I sincerely deplore-the first I have received from the Foreign Office since I866-and information that Her M3aje4ty's Govern- ment had kindly sent 1,.O0U1 to my aid. Up to his arrival I was not aware of any pscuniary aid. I came unsalaried, out this witnt is nov. happily repaired, and I am anxious that you and aU my frieuns should know that, though un- cheered by letters, I bave stuck to the task which my friend Sir iAoderick Murchison set me, with John Bullish tenacity, 'believing that all will come right at last. " The watershed of Soutb Central Africa is over 700 miles in length. The fountains thereon are almost innumerable- that is, it wvruld take a man's lifetime to count them. From the watershed they converge into four large rivers, acd these again into two mighty strearms in the great Nile valley, which begies in 10 deg.-12deg. south latitude. It was long ere light dawned on tho ancient problem and gave me a clear idea of the drainage. I had to feel *ny way, and every step of the way, and was generally groping in the dark; for who cared where the rivers ran? ' We driuk our fill, and let the rest run by.' The Portuguese who visited Cazembe as'sed for slaves, irory, and heard of nothing else. I asked about the waters, questioned and cross-questioned until almost afraid of being set down as a$icted with bydrocephlanlus. " My last vrork, in which I have been greatly hindered from want of suitable attendants, was following the central line of drainage down througa the country of the can- nibals, called Manynema, or shortly Manyema. This lino of drainage has four large lakes in it. The fourth I was nesr when obliged to turn. It is from one to three miles broad, and never can be waded at any point or at any time of the year. There are two western drains. The Lufira, or Bartle Frere's River, flows into it at Lake Kamoloedo. Then the great river Lomamni flows throngh Lake Lincoln into it too, and seems to form the western arm of the Nile on which Petherick traded. " Now, I know about 600 miles of the watershed, and, un- fortunately, the seventh hundred is the moost interesting of jthe wbole, for in it, if I am not mistaeen, four fountains arise from an earthen mound, and each of the four be- comees, at no great distance off, a large river. Two of these run ncrth to Egypt, Lufra and Lomami, and two run south into Inner Ethiopia, as the Liambai, or Upper Zabl)ezi, and the Kafua. Are these not the sources of the Nile mentioned by the secretary of Minerva, in the city of Sais, to Eerodotus? I bave heardt of them so often, and at great distancea off, that I cannot doubt their existence, and in spite of the sore longing for home whioh seizes me every time I think of my family, I lwish to finish up by their re-discovery.* " Five hundred pounds' worth of goods have again unu- acconutablv been sutrusted to slaves, and have been over a year on the way, instead of four months. I mnst go to where they he (Unyawyembe), at Mr. Stanley's and your expense, ere I can put the natural completion to mv work; and if my disclosures regarding the terrible Ujiiian slaving should lead to the suppression of the East Qoast slave trade, I shall regard that as a greater matter by far than the discovery of all the Nile sources together. Now that you have donc with domestic- slavery for ever, leaud us your powerful ait towards this great objeot. This fine coautry is blighted as with a curse from above, in order that the slaving privileges of the petty Sultan of Zanzibar may not be infringed, and tuat the rights of the Crown of Portugal, which are mythical, should be kept in abey- ance till somoe future time,when Africa will become another India to Portugueae slave dealers " I concluie by again thanking you most cordially for your great generosity, and am gratofolly yours, " DAVID LIVINGSTON& "Mr. James Gordon Bennett, Jun." ' In another letter, wbich will be given to the London Press as soon as it is telegraped to New York, Dr. Living- stoue developes more fully his view of the -Nile basin and the position of its four great lakes.-London Corre-pondent, Neso York Herald. DR. ZIVINGSTOyB.
